trophoblastic reaction in pregnancy
In pregnancy, there is an important part of the mother and the baby – the “placenta” but it takes 6 weeks for the placenta to form. So when the embryo develops in the womb, who does the work of nourishing it and giving the necessary vitamins and food items from the mother, that trophoblasts do.
What is the placenta?
The placenta is an organ that develops in the uterus during pregnancy and is attached to the surface of the uterus. The main function of this tree-like organ is the nutrients and oxygen needed by the unborn baby. Oxygen) and unnecessary elements have to come out from the baby's blood.
What does trophoblastic mean?
It is a thin layer of cells that forms part of the placenta and helps attach a developing fetus to the wall of the uterus, protects the fetus, and provides nutrients and oxygen to the fetus by the placenta. helps to provide.
Trophoblastic appearance in the early stages of pregnancy is considered a good sign and means that the pregnancy is healthy and the unborn baby is developing rapidly so there is nothing to worry about now.
In other words, trophoblastic are the main cells of the placenta that play an important role in the implantation of the embryo and its synergy with the mother's uterus. The core of the placental villi contains mesenchymal cells and placental blood vessels that are directly connected to fetal circulation via the umbilical cord.
This core is surrounded by two layers of trophoblasts, namely cytotrophoblasts and syncytiotrophoblasts. The cytotrophoblast is a layer of mono-nucleated cells that lie beneath the syncytiotrophoblast. And the syncytiotrophoblast is composed of fused cytotrophoblasts which then form a layer that covers the placental surface. The syncytiotrophoblast is in direct contact with maternal blood which reaches the placental surface. It facilitates the exchange of nutrients, wastes and gases between the maternal and fetal systems.
In addition, cytotrophoblasts in the upper tip of the villi can differentiate into another type of trophoblastic called extracellular trophoblastic. Extravillus trophoblasts exit the placenta and enter the uterus. This process is necessary not only to physically attach the placenta to the mother, but also to change the vasculature in the uterus. This change provides adequate blood supply to the growing fetus as the pregnancy progresses.
Some of these trophoblasts also replace endothelial cells in uterine arteries as they remodel these into extensive vassels that are independent of maternal vasoconstriction. This ensures that the fetus receives a steady supply of blood, as well as a steady supply of oxygen.
What is gestational trophoblastic?
During early pregnancy, a small group of cells called embryos form inside the uterus. Normally, cells inside this group develop into embryos and cells outside develop into the placenta, which carries nutrients from mother to child. Those outer cells are called trophoblast cells.
Trophoblastic disease in pregnancy (also called GTD (gestational trophoblastic)) is a type of tumor that forms from trophoblast cells and is rarely seen in rare cases. It may or may not be cancer.
The most common type of GTD (gestational trophoblastic) occurs in early pregnancy but can occur months or even years after your baby is grown but GTDs can be treated, even if they are cancerous. can be fine.
There are many types of gestational trophoblastic such as :- Hydatidiform moles (HMs), Invasive moles, Choriocarcinoma, Epithelioid trophoblastic tumors, etc. In most cases, no one knows the exact cause of gestational trophoblastic. It can happen at any time, but it can be treated with surgery.
About trophoblastic disease:-
The trophoblastic disease is simply called gestational trophoblastic disease (GTD), which is the name of abnormal cells or tumors that begin to form in the womb due to cells that develop normally in the placenta. They are extremely rare but can occur during or after pregnancy. Most of them are non-cancerous, but there is a chance that they can also be cancerous. They are different from womb cancers but can be cured with surgery.
What is a trophoblastic tumor?
A trophoblastic tumor is a rare tumor type that forms where the placenta attaches to the uterus. The tumor is formed from trophoblast cells and spreads to the muscles and blood vessels of the uterus. It can also spread to the lungs, pelvis, or lymph nodes.
FAQs:-
What is trophoblastic pregnancy?
A trophoblastic pregnancy is one in which a layer of trophoblastic cells is visible outside the uterus and this layer serves to supply nutrients and oxygen to the baby in the womb before the placenta develops.
What causes trophoblastic disease?
Due to improper formation and accumulation of trophoblastic cells in the uterus, tumors are formed during or after the uterus and due to this, diseases related to blood pressure arise, even this tumor can also turn into cancer. This is called trophoblastic disease.
Is trophoblastic disease the same as molar pregnancy?
A molar pregnancy, also known as a hydatidiform mole – is a rare complication of pregnancy caused by abnormal growth of trophoblasts
There are two types of molar pregnancy, complete molar pregnancy, and partial molar pregnancy. In a complete molar pregnancy, placental tissue becomes abnormal and swollen and begins to form fluid-filled cysts. There is also no formation of embryonic tissue.
Whereas in partial molar pregnancy, there may be abnormally formed placental tissue as well as normal placental tissue. An embryo may also form, but the embryo does not survive and usually results in a miscarriage early in the pregnancy. Serious complications can occur in a molar pregnancy – including a rare form of cancer – and require early treatment.
Both of these are the same type.
How do you know if you have the trophoblastic disease?
It has some common symptoms like:-
1. High blood pressure with headache and swelling in your hands and feet This condition is called preeclampsia.
2. Pain, pressure, or discomfort in your pelvis.
3. Shortness of breath, feeling very tired and dizziness due to vaginal bleeding.
4. Due to the larger uterus than usual, the appearance of more enlarged abdomen and early appearance.
5. Abdominal distension and upset stomach much more intense than in a normal pregnancy.
6. Vaginal bleeding that is not related to your period.
7. GTD can also cause an overactive thyroid, the symptoms of which are: rapid or irregular heartbeat, instability sweating, weight loss, etc.
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